bcae739f-0792-4cb6-b1bc-0791b14de373Particleboard, flooring (tongue & groove), 19 mm (EN 15804 A1-A3)technology mixproduction mix, at producer13.6 kg/m2 at 10% moisture content (dry basis) / 9.1% water content (wet basis)Materials productionOther materialsThis dataset has been prepared in accordance with ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2013, PCR 2012:01 of the International EPD System (2015) and the General Programme Instructions of the Australasian EPD® Programme (Version 2.0, 2017). It is cradle-to-gate (EN 15804 modules A1-A3) and includes growth and harvesting of wood inputs, production of resin and wax, blending of wood particles with resin and wax, pressing of the mixture to create the particleboard substrate, cutting, sanding and – if applied – adding a melamine-impregnated layer to the top and bottom surfaces. Packaging represents a production-weighted average for the included products. Preservative treatment is not included within the scope of this dataset. All wood used in these products is from Australian native and exotic (non-native) softwood species grown in plantations. The dominant softwood species used to produce particleboard in Australia is Pinus radiata (radiata pine). Other softwood species used are Araucaria cunninghamii (hoop pine), Pinus pinaster (maritime pine) and the Southern Pines: Pinus elliottii (slash pine), Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine) and hybrids thereof.
This data set represents average production of particleboard in Australia from Australian-grown softwood, used to manufacture kitchens, wardrobes, laundries, furniture, wall panels, architectural joinery and flooring in retail fit outs, multi-residential buildings, hotels and housing projects. Primary data was collected from a sample of particleboard producers in Australia for the period 2015-16. Economic allocation was used for co-products. Overall data quality is good.0This dataset represents average production of particleboard in Australia from Australian-grown softwood. Imports are not included.Foreground system:
Particleboard production uses wood residues as its main input. These include forest thinnings, log harvesting waste, co-products of sawmilling and post-consumer recycled wood in some cases.
Particleboard manufacturing consists of a number of activities:
• Production of particles and fibres
• Preparation of chip from sawmills and post-consumer recycled sources
• Drying (reducing moisture content to 3-5 %)
• Classifying
• Blending fibres and resin/wax
• Mat-forming
• Pre-pressing
• Pressing into boards (curing of resin)
• Trimming, sanding of both surfaces
• Laminating
• Packaging
Particleboard plants also consist of an energy plant that produces heat (hot gases, hot oil, steam) for various processes in the manufacturing operation. The energy plant is usually fuelled by wood waste from the production processes, although for some plants the energy demand requires use of woodchips or natural gas as an additional fuel.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Softwood: Woodchips at forest bone dry <u-so>Softwood Plantation: Pulplog, allocation at forest <u-so>Diesel mix at filling stationThermal energy from LPGThermal energy from biomass (solid)Thermal energy from light fuel oil (LFO)Water (desalinated; deionised)Diesel mix at refineryGravel (Grain size 2/32) (EN15804 A1-A3)Polyethylene Film (PE-LD) without additivesDried quartz sand (grain size 0/2)Expanded clay (EN15804 A1-A3)Ferric chloride (approximation)Electricity grid mixProcess steam from natural gas 90%Ammonia (NH3) without CO2 recovery (carbon dioxide emissions to air)Gasoline mix (regular) at filling stationThermal energy from natural gasUsed to manufacture kitchens, wardrobes, laundries, furniture, wall panels, architectural joinery and flooring in retail fit outs, multi-residential buildings, hotels and housing projects.renewables_particleboard generic parameterized.jpgLCI resultAttributionalAllocation - market valueAllocation - element contentAllocation - massAllocation - volumeUpstream data: For refinery products, allocation is done by mass and net calorific value. Inventories for electricity and thermal energy generation include allocation by economic value for some by-products (e.g. gypsum, boiler ash and fly ash). Allocation by energy is applied for co-generation of heat and power. For materials and chemicals, the allocation rule most suitable for the product is applied. Co-products (e.g. sawn wood and sawdust from milling): As the difference in economic value of the coproducts is high (>25% as per EN 15804, Section 6.4.3.2), allocation has been done by economic value.Foreground system: none
Background system: All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land Use Change Model DocumentationEnvironmental impacts relating to personnel, infrastructure, and production equipment not directly consumed in the process are excluded from the system boundary as per the PCR (IEPDS 2015, Section 6.5.4). All other reported data were incorporated and modelled using the best available life cycle inventory data.NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent. For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneEnvironmental Product Declaration: Particleboard0.0Primary data were collected from a sample of Australian forest and wood products manufacturers for each product category. This study covered 54% of total domestic particleboard production in Australia. Production of the dataset and validation of the data have been facilitated by FWPA with participation of its current particleboard producer members listed below.
Carter Holt Harvey Woodproducts Australia
D&R Henderson Pty Ltd
The Laminex GroupForeground data from 2015-16, validated in 2017.The data set represents a cradle-to-gate inventory. It can be used to characterise the supply chain situation of the respective commodity in a representative manner. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs.No statementIndependent verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025.Sphera Solutions GmbHIABP-GaBiFraunhofer IBPOverall quality according to different validation schemes
GaBi = 1,8 interpreted into "good overall quality" in the GaBi quality validation scheme
ILCD = 1,9 interpreted into "basic overall quality" in the ILCD quality validation scheme
PEF = 1,8 interpreted into "very good overall quality" in the PEF quality validation schemeThe dataset and systems, which are provided with our software and databases for public use into a broad user community, are constantly used, compared, benchmarked, screened, reviewed and results published in various external, professional and third party LCA applications in industry, academia and politics. So user feedback via the online GaBi forum or direct via user information is a standard routine in the maintenance and update process and leads to stable quality and constant control and improvement of data, if knowledge or technology improves or industrial process chains develop or change.GaBi user forumGaBi bug forumGaBi user communityGaBi conformity systemFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedUNEP SETAC Life Cycle InitiativeNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedILCD Data Network - Entry-levelNot definedFully compliantFully compliantNot definedFully compliantNot definedForest and Wood Products Australia Ltd.This background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.Sphera Solutions GmbH2022-03-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1Sphera Solutions GmbHNo official approval by producer or operator2022-03-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesForest and Wood Products Australia Ltd.trueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of Sphera Solutions GmbH. Sphera Solutions GmbH delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Particleboard, flooring (tongue & groove), 19 mmOutput1.01.00.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivationvaluable